[{"clade":"Total group Hypsigenyini","fossil":"Phyllophyarngodon longipinnis","left":"Lachnolaimus_maximus","right":"Pteragogus_cryptus","min":"49","max":"79.89189189","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Alfaro et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Alfaro et al. (in revision), additional taxon 5"},{"clade":"Total group Calotomus","fossil":"Calotomus priesli","left":"Calotomus_spinidens","right":"Cryptotomus_roseus","min":"13.53","max":"48.13161161","locality":"St Margarethen, Austria","authority":"Alfaro et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Alfaro et al. (in revision), calibration 12"},{"clade":"Total group Tautoga","fossil":"Tautoga sp.","left":"Tautoga_onitis","right":"Acantholabrus_palloni","min":"15","max":"62.77277277","locality":"Calvert Formation, Maryland, USA","authority":"Alfaro et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Alfaro et al. (in revision), additional taxon 6"},{"clade":"Crown Lophiiformes","fossil":"Caruso brachysomus","left":"Lophiodes_reticulatus","right":"Antennarius_striatus","min":"49","max":"79.89189189","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Carnevale & Pietsch (2012)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"MRCA Lophioides plus Lophius","fossil":"Eosladenia caucasica","left":"Lophiodes_reticulatus","right":"Lophius_piscatorius","min":"38","max":"66.25225225","locality":"Gomyi Luch, Russia","authority":"Bannikov (2004), Carnevale & Pietsch (2012)","age_authority":"Bartonian (Bannikov and Parin 1997), age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Ogcocephalidae","fossil":"Tarkus squirei","left":"Ogcocephalus_parvus","right":"Chaunax_pictus","min":"49","max":"68.45045045","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Carnevale & Pietsch (2010)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Antennaridae","fossil":"Eophryne barbutii","left":"Antennarius_indicus","right":"Chaunax_pictus","min":"49","max":"60.82282282","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Carnevale & Pietsch (2009)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Oneiroides","fossil":"Oneiroides sp.","left":"Oneirodes_macrosteus","right":"Lophodolos_indicus","min":"7.42","max":"50.56630631","locality":"Puente Formation (Yorba Member), California, USA","authority":"NA","age_authority":"CN9A, age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Antennarius ocellatus group","fossil":"Antennarius monodi","left":"Antennarius_indicus","right":"Antennarius_striatus","min":"5.333","max":"49.96766967","locality":"Oran, Algeria","authority":"Carnevale & Pietsch (2006)","age_authority":"Messinian, age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Triodontidae","fossil":"Ctenoplectus williamsi","left":"Triodon_macropterus","right":"Aracana_aurita","min":"53.7","max":"80.82072072","locality":"London Clay Formation (B division), UK","authority":"Close et al. (in press)","age_authority":"NP11 based on Friedman et al. (2016), age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Ostraciidae","fossil":"Eolactoria sorbinii","left":"Ostracion_cubicus","right":"Kentrocapros_rosapinto","min":"49","max":"69.59459459","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Bannikov et al. (2016)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Crown group Ostraciidae","fossil":"Oligolactoria bubiki","left":"Acanthostracion_quadricornis","right":"Ostracion_cubicus","min":"30.28","max":"57.88828829","locality":"Menilitic Formation, Czech Republic","authority":"Bannikov et al. (2016), Tyler & Gregorova (1991)","age_authority":"IPM 3 (correlated with P19; Tyler and Gregorova 1991), age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Balistoidei","fossil":"Eospinus daniltshenkoi","left":"Balistes_vetula","right":"Triacanthodes_ethiops","min":"54.17","max":"81.25684685","locality":"Danatinsk Formation, Turkmenistan","authority":"Arcila et al. (2015)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Triacanthidae","fossil":"Protacanthodes nimesensis","left":"Parahollardia_lineata","right":"Triacanthus_biaculeatus","min":"49","max":"69.59459459","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Arcila et al. (2015)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"MRCA Tydemania, Triacanthodes","fossil":"Carpathospinosus propheticus","left":"Tydemania_navigatoris","right":"Triacanthodes_ethiops","min":"26.93","max":"57.59398398","locality":"Przysietnica, Poland","authority":"Arcila et al. (2015)","age_authority":"IPM 4 (correlated with P21a; Tyler et al. 1993), age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Crown Balistoidei","fossil":"Oligobalistes robustus","left":"Balistes_vetula","right":"Monacanthus_tuckeri","min":"32.02","max":"66.67891892","locality":"Lower Khadum Horizon, Caucasus","authority":"Arcila et al. (2015)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Benton et al. (2015), calibration 40; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Tetraodontoidei","fossil":"Balkaria histiopterygia","left":"Mola_mola","right":"Diodon_hystrix","min":"55.8","max":"94.38118118","locality":"Kehu River, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic","authority":"Bannikov et al. (2016)","age_authority":"Bannikov et al. (2016)"},{"clade":"Crown Molidae","fossil":"Austromola angerhoferi","left":"Mola_mola","right":"Ranzania_laevis","min":"21.12","max":"75.55547548","locality":"Ebelsberg Formation, Austria","authority":"Gregorova et al. (2009)","age_authority":"M1, age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Diodontidae","fossil":"Heptadiodon echinus","left":"Diodon_hystrix","right":"Tetraodon_cutcutia","min":"49","max":"79.89189189","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Bannikov et al. (2016)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"MRCA Sphoeroides, Tetraodon","fossil":"Archaeotetraodon winterbottomi","left":"Tetraodon_cutcutia","right":"Sphoeroides_tyleri","min":"32.02","max":"65.48378378","locality":"Lower Khadum Horizon, Caucasus","authority":"Bannikov et al. (2016)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Benton et al. (2015), calibration 40; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Scatophagidae","fossil":"Eoscatophagus frontalis","left":"Scatophagus_argus","right":"Pristigenys_alta","min":"49","max":"62.72972973","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Tyler (1999)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Siganidae","fossil":"Siganopygaeus rarus","left":"Siganus_argenteus","right":"Capros_aper","min":"54.17","max":"70.72307307","locality":"Danatinsk Formation, Turkmenistan","authority":"Tyler & Bannikov (1997), Banikov et al. (2010)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Luvarus","fossil":"Luvarus necopinatus","left":"Zanclus_cornutus","right":"Luvarus_imperialis","min":"54.17","max":"81.25684685","locality":"Danatinsk Formation, Turkmenistan","authority":"Alfaro et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), 'Total-group Carangiformes'; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Zanclus","fossil":"Eozanclus brevirostris","left":"Zanclus_cornutus","right":"Naso_thynnoides","min":"49","max":"69.59459459","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"?","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Crown group Acanthuridae","fossil":"Proacanthurus tenuis","left":"Naso_thynnoides","right":"Prionurus_microlepidotus","min":"49","max":"61.58558559","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Near et al. (2012)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Malacanthus","fossil":"Malacanthus carosii","left":"Malacanthus_brevirostris","right":"Hoplolatilus_chlupatyi","min":"13.53","max":"39.37698699","locality":"St. Margarethen, Austria","authority":"Carnevale (2016)","age_authority":"NN5b, age estimage derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Lopholatilus","fossil":"Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps","left":"Lopholatilus_villarii","right":"Hoplolatilus_marcosi","min":"13.82","max":"51.73029029","locality":"Calvert Formation, USA","authority":"Carnvelae & Godfrey (2014)","age_authority":"Langhian, age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Chaetodontidae","fossil":"Chaetodontidae indet. (Tholichthys larval stage)","left":"Chaetodon_robustus","right":"Leiognathus_longispinis","min":"29.62","max":"66.09105105","locality":", Germany","authority":"Micklich et al. (2009)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 6; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Chaetodon","fossil":"Chaetodon ficheuri","left":"Chaetodon_robustus","right":"Prognathodes_aya","min":"5.333","max":"50.81785385","locality":"Oran, Algeria","authority":"Carnevale (2006)","age_authority":"Messinian, age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Astroscopus","fossil":"Astroscopus countermani","left":"Astroscopus_y_graecum","right":"Uranoscopus_sulphureus","min":"7.246","max":"38.13793393","locality":"St. Mary's Formation, USA","authority":"Carnevale et al. (2011)","age_authority":"Tortonian, age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Archoplites","fossil":"Archoplites clarki","left":"Archoplites_interruptus","right":"Pomoxis_annularis","min":"15.4","max":"52.33633634","locality":"Clarkia Lake Beds, Idaho, USA","authority":"Smith & Miller (1985)","age_authority":"Ladderud et al. (2015)"},{"clade":"Gasterosteus aculeatus","fossil":"Gasterosteus cf. wheatlandi","left":"Gasterosteus_aculeatus","right":"Gasterosteus_wheatlandi","min":"13.1","max":"39.39099099","locality":"Monterey Formation (Alta Mira Shale), California, USA","authority":"Benton et al. (2015)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Benton et al. (2015), calibration 39"},{"clade":"Total group Trichuroidea","fossil":"Argestichthys vysotzkyi","left":"Ruvettus_pretiosus","right":"Xenobrama_microlepis","min":"54.17","max":"94.42406406","locality":"Danatinsk Formation, Turkmenistan","authority":"Prokofiev (2002)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), 'Total-group Carangiformes'; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Crown Scombridae","fossil":"Eocoelopoma portentosum","left":"Scomber_scombrus","right":"Allothunnus_fallai","min":"54.17","max":"80.88064064","locality":"Danatinsk Formation, Turkmenistan","authority":"Alfaro et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Alfaro et al. (in revision), calibration 5"},{"clade":"Total group Champsodontidae","fossil":"Eochampsodon elongatus","left":"Champsodon_snyderi","right":"Mullus_auratus","min":"38","max":"92.15015015","locality":"Gomyi Luch, Russia","authority":"Bannikov (2004)","age_authority":"Bartonian (Bannikov and Parin 1997), age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Macrorhamphosa","fossil":"Gasterorhamphosus zuppichinii","left":"Aeoliscus_strigatus","right":"Aulostomus_chinensis","min":"69.71","max":"109.3815716","locality":"Nardo, Italy","authority":"?","age_authority":"Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 3"},{"clade":"Total group Centriscidae","fossil":"Gerpegezhus paviai","left":"Aeoliscus_strigatus","right":"Macroramphosus_gracilis","min":"55.8","max":"94.38118118","locality":"Kehu River, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic","authority":"Bannikov & Carnevale (2012)","age_authority":"Bannikov and Carnevale (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Hippocampus","fossil":"Hippocampus samarticus","left":"Idiotropiscis_lumnitzeri","right":"Hippocampus_bargibanti","min":"49","max":"79.89189189","locality":"Coprolitic Horizon, Slovenia","authority":"Žalohar et al. 2009","age_authority":"Žalohar et al. (2009)"},{"clade":"Total group Gobiiformes","fossil":"Carlomonnius quasigobius","left":"Trichonotus_elegans","right":"Protogobius_attiti","min":"49","max":"93.62162162","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Bannikov & Carnevale (2016)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Kribia","fossil":"Lepidocottus aries","left":"Kribia_nana","right":"Bostrychus_sinensis","min":"23.03","max":"74.76692693","locality":"Aix-en-Provance Formation, France","authority":"Gierl et al. (2013)","age_authority":"Late Oligocene (Gierl et al. 2013), age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Channidae","fossil":"Anchichanna kuldanensis","left":"Channa_diplogramma","right":"Helostoma_temminkii","min":"41.3","max":"78.65255255","locality":"Kuldana Formation, Pakistan","authority":"Murray & Thewissen (2008)","age_authority":"Lutetian, age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"},{"clade":"Total group Latidae","fossil":"Eolates gracilis","left":"Lates_niloticus","right":"Toxotes_jaculatrix","min":"49","max":"79.89189189","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Otero (2004)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Total group Menidae","fossil":"Mene purdyi","left":"Mene_maculata","right":"Xiphias_gladius","min":"55.2","max":"94.59339339","locality":"Lagunitos, Peru","authority":"Friedman & Johnson (2006)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 5"},{"clade":"Total group Echeneoidei","fossil":"Ductor vestenae","left":"Remora_osteochir","right":"Lichia_amia","min":"49","max":"68.45045045","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 7"},{"clade":"Total group Echeneidae","fossil":"Oligoremora rhenana","left":"Remora_osteochir","right":"Rachycentron_canadum","min":"29.62","max":"56.87309309","locality":"Grube Unterfeld, Germany","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 6"},{"clade":"Total group Scomberoidini","fossil":"Scomberoides spinosus","left":"Scomberoides_tol","right":"Oligoplites_altus","min":"19.3","max":"55.47777778","locality":"Upper Maikop, Caucasus","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 8"},{"clade":"Total group Carangini","fossil":"Eastmanalepes primaevus","left":"Seriola_zonata","right":"Selene_vomer","min":"49","max":"79.89189189","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 9"},{"clade":"Total group Pleuronectiformes","fossil":"Heteronectes chaneti","left":"Psettodes_erumei","right":"Lactarius_lactarius","min":"49","max":"79.89189189","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 10"},{"clade":"Total group Sphyraenidae","fossil":"Sphyraena bolcensis","left":"Sphyraena_flavicauda","right":"Lactarius_lactarius","min":"49","max":"68.45045045","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Subset Pleuronectoidei","fossil":"Eobothus minimus","left":"Citharoides_macrolepis","right":"Bothus_pantherinus","min":"49","max":"68.45045045","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 11"},{"clade":"Subset Pleuronectoidei","fossil":"Oligopleuronectes germanicus","left":"Paralichthys_albigutta","right":"Hypsopsetta_guttulata","min":"29.62","max":"50.05981982","locality":"Grube Unterfeld, Germany","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 14"},{"clade":"Total group Bothidae","fossil":"Oligobothus pristinus","left":"Arnoglossus_tenuis","right":"Cyclopsetta_panamensis","min":"29.62","max":"50.05981982","locality":"Piatra Neamt, Romania","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 15"},{"clade":"Total group Soleidae","fossil":"Eubuglossus eocenicus","left":"Aseraggodes_heemstrai","right":"Samariscus_xenicus","min":"41.2","max":"59.1027027","locality":"Djebel Turah, Egypt","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 12"},{"clade":"Total group Bothus","fossil":"Bothus sp.","left":"Bothus_podas","right":"Trichopsetta_ventralis","min":"11.056","max":"41.25016216","locality":"Tsurevsky Formation, Caucasus","authority":"Harrington et al. (in prep)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 16"},{"clade":"Total group Pomacentridae","fossil":"Palaeopomacentrus orphae","left":"Pomacentrus_bankanensis","right":"Hyperprosopon_anale","min":"49","max":"68.45045045","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Bellwood & Sorbini (1996)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Harrington et al. (2016), calibration 4; specimen derives from same geological unit"},{"clade":"Crown Cichlidae","fossil":"Mahengechromis spp","left":"Astronotus_ocellatus","right":"Hemichromis_elongatus","min":"45","max":"67.73773774","locality":"Mahenge, Tanzania","authority":"Murray (2001a, b, c)","age_authority":"Harrison et al. (2001)"},{"clade":"Crown Geophagini","fossil":"Gymnogeophagus eocenicus","left":"Satanoperca_daemon","right":"Geophagus_proximus","min":"39.5","max":"57.87187187","locality":"Lumbrera Formation (Faja Verde), Argentia","authority":"McMahan et al. (2013)","age_authority":"Minimum age constrained by zircon dating of overlying Faja Verde (del Papa et al. 2010)"},{"clade":"Total group Nandopsis haitiensis","fossil":"Nandopsis woodringi","left":"Nandopsis_haitiensis","right":"Nandopsis_ramsdeni","min":"3.6","max":"45.85585586","locality":"?Las Cahobas Formation, Haiti","authority":"Supplment to cichlid response","age_authority":"Graham (1990)"},{"clade":"Total group Exocoetidae","fossil":"Ramphexocoetus volans","left":"Euleptorhamphus_viridis","right":"Parexocoetus_mento","min":"49","max":"79.89189189","locality":"Bolca, Italy","authority":"Benton et al. (2015)","age_authority":"See argumentation in Benton et al. (2015), calibration 36"},{"clade":"Total group Valenciidae","fossil":"Francolebias aymardi","left":"Valencia_hispanica","right":"Aphanius_mento","min":"28.1","max":"64.70950951","locality":"Rozon, France","authority":"Costa (2012)","age_authority":"Early Oligocene (Costa 2012), age estimate derived from Gradstein et al. (2012)"}]